1. #1The Pirate Bay

   The Pirate Bay (TPB) is the world biggest torrent website wherein each day they provide 10,000 new files and offers free download for audio, video, application, games, and others. Swedish think tank Piratbyran founded it in 2003.
   

   Free

   Harini Yadav

   Written on May 30, 2019

   'Definitely one of the ebst torrent sites! This is the one that i visit whenever i want to download a movie or even an album. Really like it!'

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2. #2Dirty Torrents

   Dirty Torrents is a torrent and searcher website where you can identify other sites to download lots of games, movies, tv shows, applications, and audio or music. The site also aggregates the most recent and popular torrent downloads.

   Free

   Chirag Mehra

   Written on May 30, 2019

   'one of the top torrent sites for music, they offer a lot of songs in different languages and genre, downloading songs here is also really easy.'

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3. #301Torrent

   01Torrent is a free torrent site where users can download the latest movies, music, TV shows, applications, games, books, animes, software, and many more. This website also does not require any registration to be used.
   

   Free

   Ann Phillips

   Written on September 26, 2018

   'What I probably like most about this website for music torrents is that it has no annoying ads which is already huge deal for me hehe'

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DID YOU KNOW

Did you know that according to experts, music trends in 2018 includes hip-hop, music streaming, and live concerts? To back this up, Drake, an artist rooted in hip-hop, came out as the most popular musician in the United States in 2017. Music as part of our daily lives is deeply rooted in the cultural diaspora we are and in 2016, the music industry has redeemed itself from its lumbering growth in the previous years. According to an article published on Rolling Stone, the industry has hit revenue of 7.7 billion US dollars in 2016—the highest gross since 2009. The drastic growth can be attributed to the growing popularity of various paid streaming platforms, live events, social media channels, and the easy access to music production tools, especially software have replaced the major music distribution channels of yesteryear. This is despite the rise of other sources, specifically music torrenting sites. 2018 music technology puts Spotify on the top trend with its remarkable growth over the past few years amidst the 1.6 billion copyright lawsuit it's facing while SoundCloud remains to struggle to maintain its place in the industry despite laying off 40% of its workforce and shutting down offices in London and San Francisco. While streaming is slowly reaching its prosperity, sales of compact disc continue to slow down with only 99.4 million physical albums sold in 2016—the lowest number since 1986. Nevertheless, the music revenue worldwide is projected to reach 57 billion US dollars by 2021, according to Statista.

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4. #4TorrentFunk

   TorrentFunk is a website which features various torrent files for downloading music, movies, TV series, ebooks, anime, software, and many more. This torrent site was launched in 2011.

   Free

   Jack Aguilar

   Written on February 1, 2017

   'Torrent funk is a great torrent site for music, This site had every song I could imagine on it. I was so impressed with the data bank of songs. I found stuff that I liked, stuff my teenage sister liked, and songs my parents liked. '

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5. #51337x

   1337x is a top torrent site for providing quality videos, movies, music, comics, and even series. It has a stylish website interface that user would enjoy the easy search of anything they want to download.

   Free

   Ryan Hamilton

   Written on March 30, 2017

   '1337x seems to be a great place to use torrents for but when I came to the site, there was a message indicating that users might have had difficulty in finding it due to being blocked by search engines. Other than that, the site hosts video games, music, television and movies among other things for users to attain their desired media. Seems like a legit place. '

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6. #6Kickass Torrents

   Kickass Torrents, also known as KAT, is one of the oldest and most powerful torrent search engines of the world, offering movies, series, ebooks, music, software and much more where you can download via uTorrent.

   Free

   Zeng He

   Written on October 11, 2018

   'i know that piracy is bad! But c'mon not all people have the extra money to buy music to support singers and artists. I myself is sometimes thinking why i download music through torrent but i can't help it. Anyways, so Kickass is where i usually go whenever i want to download latest singles and albums i want to listen to on my phone. '

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7. #7isoHunt

   isoHunt is a BitTorrent and peer-to-peer torrent website to browse and find torrents for downloading various media resources online such as movies, television shows, and series, software, music, applications, and so on.

   Free

   Arjun Rodrigues

   Written on May 30, 2019

   'You can find anything in this place!! Realy nice!!1111 the song and movie hre is realz good!! 👍👍👍👍'

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8. #8Monova

   Monova is a torrenting site on the internet where you can download plenty of games, TV shows, movies, ebooks, and software. It has served a million users and provided a large number of downloads with those fields.

   Free

   Lauren Castro

   Written on May 30, 2019

   'Design and interface is really simple, very user friendly. They also offer a lot of movies, games, ebooks and songs, you can search anything here.'

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9. #9Zooqle

   Zooqle, which is formerly known as Bitsnoop founded in 2008, is a torrent indexing website providing a database of verified torrents to download. It is the place to download movies, TV shows, games, applications, software, and audiobooks.

   Free

   Christopher Kelley

   Written on January 9, 2017

   'Want to download the movies and TV shows you want but can't find the right platform to do it from? look no more, Zooqle has all the shows and movies you want so you can get started watching your favorite actors. Full of features that also include games, music and books; you have everything at your fingertips to get what you want for your viewing pleasure right now.'

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10. #10ExtraTorrent

    Extratorrent is a free website to download and seed torrent files for various electronic resources. Downloadable files include movies, music, software, program, applications, e-books, documents, and many more.
    

    Free

    Larry Payne

    Written on April 3, 2017

    'Extratorrent is one of the biggest torrent sites still up today. While the layout is a bit disgusting, it does the job and you can head straight to the music subsection to save time instead of having to browse. Of course, the intrusive ads are a problem, but hey. Win some lose some.'

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11. #11LimeTorrents

    LimeTorrents is a verified BitTorrent website where users can download movies, TV shows, music, games, etc. for free. There is no need to sign up for an account before you can access the website.

    Free

    Alan Nguyen

    Written on January 20, 2017

    'Was looking to download some Lana Del Rey albums but wasn't sure where. That's when I found Limetorrents.cc, all I can say is wow. They have one of the biggest collections of torrentable music I've seen on any site. Seriously, I spent 20 minutes searching for artists and found all their albums. I'm going to keep coming back to this site for all my needs.'

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12. #12101 Torrent

    101 Torrent is a free torrent website for downloading wide varieties of entertainment such as movies, television shows, games, books, anime, application, and music in a good and high-quality format.

    Free

    Irma Mondragón

    Written on October 11, 2018

    'through 101 Torrent you can basically download the full discography of the band or singer you are a fan of. It even has the latest albums just a few hours after its release so it is really a nice torrent to get music torrents to download. My only complaint though is that it has pop-up ads'

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13. #13Torrent Downloads

    Torrent Downloads is a BitTorrent download source that allows users to download TV shows, movies, games, music, software, books, anime, and more for free. The site also accumulates the most downloaded, seeded, and leeched torrents.

    Free

    Jonathan Garrett

    Written on January 23, 2017

    'If you're tired of sifting through torrent websites to find the music you love Torrent Downloads has you covered. Their advanced search query allows you to find the music you love in a flash and the interface tells you a bit of information about the file you are attempting to download. Torrent Downloads provides an easy to see health bar that gives you a clear and understandable metric you can use to decide if the file you want is coming from a stable server. '

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14. #14Bitport

    Bitport.io is a website where you can download torrents for music, movies, TV shows and more. It can be saved directly to the cloud, without the necessity of downloading any software, and in a completely secure environment.
    

    Free- Varies by plan

    Marilyn Daniels

    Written on October 11, 2018

    'Out of all the torrent sites this is actually the first one i encountered that you need to register to download torrents and there are even plans that will enable you to store your downloads on your cloud storage. Isn't that amazing eh?'

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15. #15TorrentProject

    TorrentProject is a torrent search engine which offers a collection of more than 10 million torrents of movies, games, music, ebooks, and software which can be downloaded with zero restrictions. *NO LONGER AVAILABLE*
    
    Diane Harvey

    Written on October 11, 2018

    'Sucks that TorrentProject has been down for more than a year already. I keep on checking if it will come back in a new domain but unfortunately it's not until now. I'm just surpised that not many people are annoyed that this has been down as i personally believe it is the best torrent site out there. '

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16. #16Torrentz

    Torrentz was founded in March 2003 and serves as a metasearch engine for torrents. It indexes many active torrents from various domains such as one of the popular site, The Pirate Bay and give compilated results for easier searching.

    Free

    Anthony Gordon

    Written on May 5, 2017

    'Torrentz would be a great site for users do download music if you know how to handle these type of sites. These sites have lots of pop ups, malware, and possible viruses. You need to be good with security on your computer to use this site effectively.'

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17. #17Torrentz2

    Torrentz2 is a meta-search engine which combines results from different search engines. Through this website, users can find torrents for movies, music, anime, and more to download from over 250 million pages.

    Free

    Gary Daniels

    Written on March 20, 2019

    'I don't know why this website is in the bottom of the list, when in fact this is one of the best music torrenting sites that I know. And not only this is a great when it comes to music, it has an index of almost all torrent sites for all your needs!'

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18. #18Soundpark

    Soundpark is a music torrent website with a focus on music albums, discographies, and original soundtracks. They offer music sites for different languages.

    Free

    George Graham

    Written on May 30, 2019

    'I like this site a lot, probably the best music torrent site that i've used. And they are also really well-organized with the albums, songs, artist, and other stuff. Finding your favorite music will never be hard here.'

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19. #19TorLock

    TorLock is a website which features various torrent files to download movies, TV series, anime, ebooks, software, music, and so on. These torrents are categorized in TorLock for easier navigation and search.

    Free

    Divya Rangarajan

    Written on March 20, 2019

    'After Ariana Grande won in the Grammy's, I immediately got to Torlock to download her music torrents. I recommend you use this one too guys!'

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20. #20MagTors

    MagTors is a Torrent hosting website that has over 3 million active torrents. The torrent search tool has torrents for TV shows, movies, games, software, music, and eBooks. It is also categorized by most recent and popular. *NO LONGER AVAILABLE*

    Elisha Vavilov

    Written on November 7, 2018

    'Lightning fast torrent site with a very extensive Music torrents category. The site is ad-free, so you can browse without getting annoyed.'

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COPPER (dust and fume)

Cu

MW: 63.54

CAS: 7440-50-8 (Cu)

METHOD: 7029, Issue 2

7029

RTECS: GL5325000

EVALUATION: FULL

OSHA : 0.1 mg/m 3 (fume); 1 mg/m 3 (dust)NIOSH: 0.1 mg/m 3 (fume); 1 mg/m 3 (dust)ACGIH: 0.2 mg/m 3 (fume);1 mg/m 3 (dust, mist)

Issue 1: 15 February 1984Issue 2: 15 August 1994

PROPERTIES: soft metal; valence +1, +2 in saltsMP 1083 °C

SYNONYMS: vary depending upon the compound; CAS #1317-39-1 (Cu 2O), CAS #1317-38-0 (CuO)

SAMPLINGSAMPLER:

FILTER(0.8-µm cellulose ester membrane)

MEASUREMENTTECHNIQUE:

ATOMIC ABSORPTION, FLAME

ANALYTE:

copper

ASHING:

conc. HNO 3, 6 mL, 140 °C;conc. HCl, 6 mL, 400 °C

FLOW RATE: 1 to 3 L/minVOL-MIN:-MAX:

50 L @ 0.1 mg/m 31500 L

SHIPMENT:

routine

0.5 N HCl; 25 mL

FINAL SOLUTION:

SAMPLESTABILITY:BLANKS:

FLAME:

air-acetylene, oxidizing

stable

WAVELENGTH:

324.7 nm

2 to 10 field blanks per set

BACKGROUND CORRECTION: not required

ACCURACY

CALIBRATION:

standard solutions ofCu 2+ in 0.5 N HCl

RANGE:

5 to 125 µg per sample [4]

RANGE STUDIED: 0.05 to 0.59 mg/m 3 (fume) [1,2]0.47 to 1.8 mg/m 3 (dust) [3]

ESTIMATED LOD: 0.05 µg per sample [5]

BIAS:

- 0.44%

PRECISION (Sr):

ˆ ):OVERALL PRECISION (SrT

0.044 (fume) [1,2]0.051 (dust)[3]± 11.0%

ACCURACY:

0.03 [1,3,5]

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APPLICABILITY: The working range is 0.05 to 1.3 mg/m 3 for a 100-L air sample. This is an elemental analysis, applicable toeither dust or fume, with an additional separation step to quantitate soluble copper dust (e.g., CuSO 4) in the presence of copperfume. Aliquots of the samples can be analyzed separately for many additional metals.

INTERFERENCES: Background correction is not required. Interferences to the fume/soluble dust separation step includeinsoluble copper compounds and copper compounds such as copper acetate which form insoluble hydroxides when dissolved inwater.

OTHER METHODS: This method combines and replaces P&CAM 173 [5], S354 [4], and S186 [6]. Method 7300, plasmaemission (ICP-AES), is an alternate analytical method.

NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94 COPPER (dust and fume): METHOD 7029, Issue 2, dated 15 August 1994 - Page 2 of 4EQUIPMENT:

REAGENTS:1.2.3.4.

5.6.7.

Nitric acid, conc.Hydrochloric acid, conc.Hydrochloric acid, 0.5 N. Add 41.5 mL conc.HCl to water, dilute to 1 L.Calibration stock solution, 1000 µg/mL.Commercially available, or dissolve 1.000 gCu metal in minimum volume of (1:1) HNO 3.Dilute to 1 L with 0.5 N HCl.Distilled-deionized water.Air, filtered.Acetylene.

See SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS.

1. Sampler: cellulose ester membrane filter,0.8-µm pore size, 37 mm-diameter; in cassettefilter holder.2. Personal sampling pump, 1 to 3 L/min, withflexible connecting tubing.3. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer with anair-acetylene burner head and copper hollowcathode lamp and two-stage regulators for airand acetylene.4. Beakers, Phillips, 125-mL, or Griffin, 50-mL,with watchglass covers.*5. Volumetric flasks, 25-mL.*6. Assorted volumetric pipets, as needed.*7. Hotplate, surface temperature 140 °C and400 °C.8. Equipment for fume/dust separation step:a. cellulose ester membrane filters, 47-mm,0.3-µm pore size (Millipore PHWP orequivalent);b. cellulose ester membrane filter, 47-mm,5-µm pore size (Millipore SMWP orequivalent);c. filtration apparatus (Gelman No. 1107 orequivalent).

Clean all glassware with conc. nitric acidand rinse thoroughly with distilled ordeionized water before use.

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS: Perform all acid digestions in a fume hood.

SAMPLING:1.2.

Calibrate each personal sampling pump with a representative sampler in line.Sample at an accurately known flow rate between 1 and 3 L/min for a sample size of 50 to1500 L. Do not exceed a total filter loading of ca. 2 mg total dust.

SAMPLE PREPARATION:

3.

NOTE: The following sample preparation gave quantitative recovery (see EVALUATION OFMETHOD). Other quantitative ashing techniques (e.g., HNO 3-HClO 4 [Method 7300])may be useful alternatives, especially if several metals are to be determined on a singlefilter.Proceed to step 4 if fume/dust separation is not desired. For fume/dust separation:a. Using forceps, prewet a 47-mm, 0.3-µm pore size cellulose ester membrane filter by placingit on the surface of distilled water. Remove the filter, tap off excess water, and mount it onthe filtration unit.b. Transfer the sample filter from the cassette filter holder to the filtration unit, placing itconcentrically on top of the 47-mm filter with the fume deposit up.NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94 COPPER (dust and fume): METHOD 7029, Issue 2, dated 15 August 1994 - Page 3 of 4c.

4.5.

6.

7.8.

Apply and release the vacuum so that the 37-mm filter is gently wetted from the moistureretained on the 47-mm filter. This also insures the removal of any air bubbles between thefilters.d. When the fume sample is visually clear of air bubbles and wet throughout, apply a vacuumof 10 to 15 PSIG (69 to 103 kPa). Release the vacuum.e. Place a 47-mm, 5-µm cellulose ester membrane filter on the surface of water to wet it,remove excess water by blotting with tissue, and place it concentrically on top of the 37-mmfilter. Press the surface of the top filter with a clean tissue to insure that no air bubblesremain between any of the filters.f. Mount the upper part of the filtration unit, add 5 mL of distilled water, and allow vacuum todraw water through the filters. Repeat with 5 mL more water. Combine the filtrates whichcontain soluble copper compounds in a clean beaker. Start reagent blanks at this point.g. Transfer all filters to a clean beaker. Proceed to step 5.NOTE: Each sample blank is a combination of three filters.Open the cassette filter holders and transfer the samples and blanks to clean beakers.Add 6 mL conc. HNO 3. Cover with a watchglass and heat on hotplate (140 °C) until the volumeis reduced to approximately 0.5 mL. Repeat two more times using 2 mL conc. HNO 3 each time.NOTE: Start reagent blanks at this point if step 3 was omitted.Add 2 mL conc. HCl, cover with a watchglass, heat on hotplate (400 °C) until the volume isreduced to approximately 0.5 mL. Repeat two more times using 2 mL conc. HCl. Do not allowthe solution to go to dryness at any point.Cool solution and add 10 mL distilled water.Transfer the solution quantitatively to a 25-mL volumetric flask. Dilute to volume with distilledwater.

CALIBRATION AND QUALITY CONTROL:9.

10.11.12.13.14.

Calibrate daily with at least six working standards. Add known amounts, covering the range 0 to125 µg Cu per sample, of calibration stock solution to 25-mL volumetric flasks and dilute tovolume with 0.5 N HCl.Analyze the working standards together with the blanks and samples (steps 15 and 16).Prepare a calibration graph by plotting absorbance versus solution concentration (µg/mL).Aspirate a standard for every 10 samples to check instrument drift.Check analytical recoveries with at least one spiked media blank per 10 samples.Use method of additions occasionally to check for interferences.

MEASUREMENT:15.16.

Set spectrophotometer as specified by the manufacturer and to conditions on page 7029-1.Aspirate standards, samples, and blanks. Record absorbance readings.NOTE: If the absorbance values for the samples are above the linear range of the standards,dilute the sample solutions with 0.5 N HCl, reanalyze, and apply the appropriate dilutionfactor in the calculations.

CALCULATIONS:17.18.

Using the measured absorbances, calculate the corresponding concentrations (µg/mL) of copperin the sample, C s, and average media blank, C b, from the calibration graph.Using the solution volumes (mL) of the sample, V s, and media blanks, V b, calculate theconcentration of copper in the air volume sampled, V (L):

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NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94 COPPER (dust and fume): METHOD 7029, Issue 2, dated 15 August 1994 - Page 4 of 4

EVALUATION OF METHOD:Method S186 was validated on August 29, 1975, with overall sampling and analytical precision,SˆrT =30.051, over the range 0.47 to 1.8 mg/m for a 90-L sample of CuO dust [3,6] and Method S354 wasvalidated on September 30, 1977, with overall sampling and analytical precision, SˆrT = 0.058, over therange 0.05 to 0.37 mg/m 3 for a 480-L sample of Cu fume [1,4]. Copper fume atmospheres weregenerated by thermal decomposition and subsequent oxidation of cupric acetate aerosol. The size ofthe copper fume was 0.04 to 0.14 µm by electron microscopy and the collection efficiency of thesampler for this fume was 1.00 [1,4,9].The dust-fume separation step was evaluated with samples laden with copper fume generated fromcopper welding; the samples were then placed into a dust generation system and overlaid with a knowndeposition of copper sulfate dust. With a dust loading of about 600 µg CuSO 4 and fume concentrationsof 0.13 to 0.59 mg/m 3, an average of 96.5% of the dust was removed. The analysis of the copper fumehad a pooled Sr of 4.4% with an average bias of 5.3% [2].Efficiencies of removal of Cu dust and fume were determined from samples containing only dust or onlyfume. Measured efficiencies were: (1) from filters containing 213 to 265 µg CuSO 4, an average of97.8% was removed using 10 to 50 mL water; (2) filters laden with ca. 200 µg Cu/filter lost 11.5% Cuafter washing with 10 mL H 2O. Because the non-equilibrium nature of the washing process does notlend itself to accurate prediction of the amount of copper fume removed by the wash water, nocorrection factor for the amount of fume removed was determined or employed. The elemental analysisused in the evaluation did not distinguish between copper from the fume and from the dust [2].

REFERENCES:[1] Backup Data Report for Copper Fume, S354, prepared under NIOSH Contract No. 210-76-0123,available as 'Ten NIOSH Analytical Methods, Set 5,' Order No. PB 287-499 from NTIS, Springfield,VA 22101.[2] Carsey, T. Development of a Sampling and Analytical Method for Copper Fume, final report,NIOSH (DPSE) (unpublished, September, 1982).[3] Documentation of the NIOSH Validation Tests, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,Publ. (NIOSH) 77-185 (1977).[4] Ibid, V. 4, Method S354, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 78-175(1978).[5] NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 2nd ed., V. 5, P&CAM 173, U.S. Department of Health,Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 79-141 (1979).[6] Ibid, V. 3, Method S186, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH)77-157-C (1977).[7] Winefordner, J. D., Ed. Spectrochemical Methods of Analysis , John Wiley & Sons (1971).[8] Analytical Methods for Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Perkin-Elmer (1976).[9] NIOSH Research Report-Development and Validation of Methods for Sampling and Analysis ofWorkplace Toxic Substances, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Publ. (NIOSH)80-133 (1980).

METHOD REVISED BY:Mark Millson, NIOSH/DPSE, and R. DeLon Hull, Ph.D., NIOSH/DBBS; originally validated under NIOSHContracts CDC-94-74-45 and 210-76-0123.NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94